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µo¦æºô¯¸¡Ghttp://www.englishgrammar.com.tw

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µo¦æªÌ¡GSunny

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E-mail¡Gtopho@kimo.com.tw

µo³ø¤é´Á¡G2001.12.30 

µo³øÀW²v¡G¨C¶g¤éµo¥Z   (35)

¡@

¤T­Ó¦r¤ù»y¤¶µü (°£¤F«aµü§Y¬O¤T­Ó¦r)¡C 

(Äò¤W´Á)

32. By reason of (¦]¬°¡A ¥Ñ©ó)¢w¢w ¬Û·í©ó"because of¡A on account of"¡C
He was excused by reason of his age.
(
¥L¦]¦~ÄÖªºÃö«Y¦Ó³Q¼e®¤¡C)

    ²Ä¤@½g   ­^¤åªkªº½ü¹ø (Outline)

    ²Ä¤T³¹   ¤l¥y (Clause)

(Äò¤W´Á)

23.

¦^À³°Ý¥y (Reply Questions):

¥uÅ¥¹ï¤è»¡¦Ó¦Û¤v´e¤£§@Án²@µL¤ÏÀ³¡A¹ï¤è·|ı±o§A®Ú¥»¨S¦bÅ¥¡A¬°¤Fªí¥Ü§»ª¡AµL½×¹ï¤è©Ò»¡§A¦³µL¿³½ì¡AÁ`¸Óµª¤@µªµÄ¥Hªí¥Ü§A¬O¦bÅ¥¡C¥Î¨ÓµªµÄªº³q±`³£¬O"§U°Êµü¡Ï¥Dµü?" ªº§Î¦¡¡A»PºÃ°Ý¥yªº§Î¦¡¬Û¦P¡A©Ò¥HºÙ¬° "¦^À³°Ý¥y" (reply questions)¡C

(´£

¥Ü)

(a)

¦^À³°Ý¥y¤¤ªº¥Dµü©M«e¥y¤¤ªº¥Dµü¤@©w¬O¦P¤@¤H©Î¨Æª«¡A¦ý¥²¶·¥Î¤HºÙ¥N¦Wµü¡A¤£¥i¥Î¦Wµü¡C

(b)

¦^À³°Ý¥y¸Ìªº§U°Êµü¥²¶·©M«e¥y¤¤ªº§U°Êµü¬Û¦P¡A¦pªG«e¥y­ìµL§U°Êµü¡A«h¥Î do¡C

(c)

¦^À³°Ý¥y¸Ì§U°Êµüªº®ÉºA¥²¶·©M«e¥y¸Ìªº°Êµüªº®ÉºA¬Û¦P¡C

(d)

³q±`¡A«e¥y¬OªÖ©w¡A¦^À³°Ý¥y¤]¥ÎªÖ©w¡A«e¥y¬O§_©w¡A«áªÌ¥ç§_¡C¦ý¬O¡A«eªÌ¬OªÖ©w®É¡A«áªÌ¥ç¥i¥Î§_©w¡A¨ä¥Î·N¬O¦bªí¥Ü¹ï¹ï¤è©Ò»¡ " ²`ªí¦P·N "¡A¬Û·í©ó°ê»yªº " ¥i¤£¬O¹À ? "¡B" ½Ö»¡¤£¬O©O ? "¡B" ´N¬O¹À ! "¡C

(1)

"It was an awful party." "Was it?" "Yes, there was nobody I know, and . . ."
("¨º¬O­Ó«D±`±½¿³ªº»E·|¡C" "¬O¶Ü?" "¬O§r¡A¨S¦³¤@­Ó§Ú»{ÃѪº¤H¡A¦Ó¥B¡K")

(2)

"We had a lovely holiday." "Did you?" "Yes, the kids really enjoyed it."
("§Ú­Ì¹L¤F¤@­Ó´r§Öªº°²¤é¡C" "¬O¶Ü?" "¬Oªº¡A«Ä¤l­Ìª±±o¹ê¦b¶}¤ß¡C")

(3)

"I've got a headache." "Have you, dear? I'll get you an aspirin."

("§ÚÀYµh¡C" "ÀYµh°Ú¡A¿Ë·Rªº? §Ú¥h´À§A®³¤@²Éªü´µ¤ÇÆF¡C")

(4)

"It wasn't a good film." "Wasn't it? That's a pity."
("¨º¤£¬O¤@³¡¦n¤ù¤l¡C" "¤£¦n°Ú? ¨º¯u¿ò¾Ñ¡C")

(5)

"It was a lovely concert." "Yes, wasn't it? I did enjoy it!"
("¨º¬O¤@³õ¦n´Îªº­µ¼Ö·|¡C" "¥i¤£¬O¶Ü? §ÚÅ¥±o«Ü¹LÅ}!")

(6)

"She's put on a lot of weight." "Hasn't she!"
("¦oªºÅé­«¼W¥[¤F³\¦h¡C" "½Ö»¡¤£¬O©O!")

¥»¥y¥Î·P¼Û¥yªº»y½Õ¡A¨ä¥Î·N¬O¦b¦V¹ï¤èªí¥Ü±j¯P¦a»á¦³¦P·P¤§·N¡C

(7)

"John likes that girl next door." "Oh, does he?" "Yes, he himself told me about it."
("¬ù¿«³ßÅw¹j¾Àªº¨º­Ó¤k«Ä¡A" "®@¡A¬O¶Ü?" "¨S¿ù¡A¥L¿Ë¦Û§i¶D§Úªº¡C")

(8)

"I dreamed an awful dream last night." "Did you, dear?" "Yes, I saw a vague shape, looking ghostly in the darkness."
("¬Q©]§Ú°µ¤F¤@­Ó¥i©Èªº¹Ú¡C" "¬O¶Ü¡A¿Ë·Rªº?" "§Ú¬Ý¨£¤@­Ó¼Ò½kªº¼v¤l¡A¦b¶Â·t¤¤¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¬O°­¡C")

(9)

"He is Mary's fiance." "Is he?" "Yes, they're going to get married in Taipei next Monday, and then spend a honeymoon in the U.S."
("¥L¬Oº¿ÄRªº¥¼±B¤Ò¡C" "¬O¶Ü?" "¬Oªº¡A¥L­Ì¤U¬P´Á¤@¦b¥x¥_µ²±B¡AµM«á¨ì¬ü°ê¥h«×»e¤ë¡C)

(10)

"I'd rather like a cup of coffee." "Oh, would you? I'd rather have a cup of tea."
("§Ú­n¤@ªM©@°Ø¡C" "®@¡A§A­n©@°Ø§r? §Ú­n¤@ªM¯ù¡C")

(11)

"You ought to thank John for his help." "Oh, I ought, ought I?"
("§AÀ³¸Ó·PÁ¬ù¿«ªºÀ°§U¡C" "¾¾¡A§Ú¬O¸ÓÁÂÁÂ¥L¡A½Ö»¡¤£¬O©O?")

24.

²µª¥y (Short Answers or Short Responses)¡G

¦b¦^µª¬O©Î§_ªº°ÝÃD (yes or no questions ¢w¢w ¥y­º¨S¦³ºÃ°Ýµü ) ®É¡A¦pªG¥u¦^µª"yes"©Î"no"¡AÅã±o¨S¦³Â§»ª¡A³q±`³£¬O¦^µª"Yes,¥Dµü¡ÏªÖ©w§U°Êµü"¡A©Î"No,¥Dµü¡Ï§_©w§U°Êµü"¡C­ì°Ý¥y¸Ì§U°Êµü¥H«áªº³¡¤À¤@«ß¤£­«ÂСC³oºØ¥Î¨Ó¦^µª¬O©Î§_ªº°ÝÃD¤§µu¥yºÙ¬°Â²µª¥y¡C¨ä¤¤¦³­Y¤z­n»â¤À­z¦p¤U¡G

1.

µª¥y¤¤ªº¥Dµü¥²¶·¬O¤HºÙ¥N¦Wµü©Î there¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Is that Sunny? (¨º¬O¤£¬O®á©g?)

B : Yes, it is. (¬Oªº¡C)

(2)

A : Will there be an exam tomorrow? (©ú¤Ñ¦³¨S¦³¦Ò¸Õ?)

B : No, there won't. (¨S¦³¡C)

2.

µª¥y¤¤ªº§U°Êµü©M­ì°Ý¥yªº§U°Êµü¬Û¦P¡C¦pªG¦³¨â­Ó¥H¤W§U°Êµü¡A¥u¥Î²Ä¤@­Ó§U°Êµü¡C¦pªG¬O be °Êµü¡A¥²¶·ÀHµÛ¥DµüªºÂàÅܦÓÅÜ¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Does her husband smoke?  (¦oªº¤V¤Ò§l¤£§l·Ï?)

B : Yes, he does.  (¤£¬Ohe smokes.)  (¥L§l·Ï¡C)

(2)

A : Can your wife speak English?  (§A¤Ó¤Ó·|¤£·|»¡­^»y?)

B : No, she can't.  (¤£¡A¦o¤£·|¡C)

(3)

A : Are you hungry?  (§A¾j¤£¾j?)

B : No, I'm not.  (¤£¡A§Ú¤£¾j¡C)

(4)

A : Should the letter have arrived?  («H¬O¤£¬O¸Ó¨ì¤F?)

B : Yes, it should.  (¤£¬O it should have.)  (¬O¨þ¡A¸Ó¨ì¤F¡C)

(5)

A : Should we be wearing seat belts? 

    (§Ú­Ì²{¦b¬O¤£¬OÀ³¸ÓôµÛ¦w¥þ±a?)

B : Yes, we should.  (¤£¬O we should be.)  (¬Oªº¡AÀ³¸Óªº¡C)

3.

¤£½×°Ý¥y¸Ì¬O must ÁÙ¬O need¡Aµª¥y¬OªÖ©w®É³£¥Î must¡A§_©w®É³£¥Î needn't (°Ñ¾\ p.773)¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Must I phone Sunny and tell her that you are here?
      (§Ú¬O¤£¬O¥²¶·¥´¹q¸Üµ¹®á©g¡A§i¶D¦o§A¦b³o¨à?)

B : Yes, you must.  (¬Oªº¡A¦³¥²­n¡C)
       No, you needn't.  (¤£¡A¤£¥²¤F¡C)

(2)

A : Need I take all these pills?
      (§Ú¬O¤£¬O±o§â©Ò¦³³o¨ÇÃij£¦Y¤F?)

B : Yes, you must.  (¬Oªº¡A¥²¶·¥þ³¡ªA¤U¡C)
      No, you needn't.  (¤£¡A¤£¥²¥þ³¡ªA¤U¡C)

4.

§_©wªºµª¥y¸Ìªº not ³q±`³£¬O©M§U°Êµü¬Ù²¤¦¨¤@­Ó¦r¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Does this book belong to you?  (³o¥»®Ñ¬O¤£¬O§Aªº?)

B : No, it doesn't.  (¤£¬O¡C)

(2)

A : Have you finished your homework?  (§A¦³¨S¦³°µ§¹¤F®a®x§@·~?)

B : No, I haven't.  (ÁÙ¨S¦³¡C)

(3)

A : Will your mother be here tomorrow?  (©ú¤Ñ§A¶ý¶ý·|¤£·|¨Ó?)

B : No, she won't.  (¤£¡A¦o¤£·|¨Ó ¡C)

5.

§_©wªºµª¥y¸Ìªº°Êµü­Y¬O am¡A³£¬O©M¥Dµü¬Ù²¤¦¨¤@­Ó¦r¡A­Y¬O is / are¡A¬J¥i©M¥Dµü¬Ù²¤¦¨¤@­Ó¦r¡A¤]¥i©M not ²ÁY¦¨¤@­Ó¦r¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Are you a nurse?  (§A¬O¤£¬OÅ@¤h?)

B : I'm not.  (§Ú¤£¬O¡C)

(2)

A : Is your father at home?  (§Aªº¤÷¿Ë¦b¤£¦b®a?)

B : No, he's not (or he isn't).  (¥L¤£¦b¡C)

(3)

A : Are the students in class?  (¾Ç¥Í­Ì¦b¤£¦b¤W½Ò?)

B : No, they're not (or they aren't).  (¤£¡A¥L­Ì¤£¦b¤W½Ò¡C)

(µù)

ªÖ©wªºµª¥y¸Ìªº§U°Êµü©Î be °Êµü¤£¥i©M¥Dµü²ÁY¦¨¤@­Ó¦r¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Have you taken dinner?  (§A¦³¨S¦³¦Y¹L¶º?)

B : Yes, I have (¤£¬O I've).  (§Ú¦Y¹L¤F¡C)

(2)

A : Are you tired?  (§A¬O¤£¬O²Ö¤F?)

B : Yes, I am (¤£¬O I'm).  (¬Oªº¡C)

25.

¦P·N»P¤£¦P·N»y¥y (Agreements and Disagreements with Remarks)

¦b¥æ½Í¤¤¡A­Y¥u»¡¦P·N©Î¤£¦P·N¨Ó¦^À³¹ï¤è©Ò»¡ªº¸Ü¡A³q±`³£¬O¥Î¤U¦C´XºØ¤è¦¡¡G

1.

¦P·N¹ï¤è©Ò»¡ªºªÖ©w¥y®É¡A¥Î yes / so / of course¡Ï¥Dµü¡ÏªÖ©w§U°Êµü ¢w¢w ¹ï¤èªºªÖ©w¥y¸Ì­Y¦³§U°Êµü¡A±N¸Ó§U°Êµü­«ÂЧY¥i¡A­YµL¡A«h¥Îdo, does ©Î did¡C¢w¢w ­Y±a¦³Åå³Yªº·N¨ý¸Ó¥Î so¡C  ¦p¡G

(1)

A : Sunny's father has a great sense of humor.  (®á©gªº¤÷¿Ë«Ü¦³«ÕÀq·P¡C)

B : Yes, he does (or has).
     (¥i¤£¬O¹À¡C)

¬ü»y¤¤¸g±`¥Î does¡C­^»y¤¤±`¥Î has¡A¤]¥Î does¡C

(2)

A : You'll see your honey tomorrow.  (§A©ú¤Ñ­n©M§Aªº¤ß¤W¤H¨£­±¤F¡C)

B : Yes, I will.  (¬Oªº¡C)

(3)

A : I should lose some weight.  (§ÚÀ³¸Ó´î»´¨ÇÅé­«¡C)

B : Yes, of course you should (or Of course you should).
     (¬Oªº¡A·íµMÀ³¸Ó¡C)

(4)

A : There may be a strike of bus- drivers tomorrow.
     (©ú¤Ñ¤]³\¤½¦@¨T¨®¥q¾÷­n½}¤u¡C)

B : Yes, there may.  (¬Oªº¡A¦³¦¹¥i¯à¡C)

(5)

A : Look! That's Sunny!  (¬Ý! ¨º¬O®á©g!)

B : Oh, so it is.  (°Ú¡A¥¿¬O¡C)

(6)

A : It's snowing.  (¤U³·¤F¡C)

B : So it is!  (¯uªº¶Ü!)

(µù)

¦P·N»y¤§«á¤]¥i¥H¥[¤W¤@­Óªþ¥[°Ý¥y¥Hªí¥Ü "»á¦³¦P·P" ¤§¸q¡C  ¦p¡G

A : Nice day.  (¬O­Ó¦n¤Ñ¡C)

B : Yes, it is, isn't it?  (¥i¤£¬O¶Ü?)

2.

¦P·N¹ï¤è©Ò»¡ªº§_©w¥y®É¡A¥Î no¡Ï¥Dµü¡Ï§_©w§U°Êµü ¢w¢w¨Ì·Ó°ê¤Hªº²ßºD¡A¨


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