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7.
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指示形容詞 (Demonstrative
Adjective)
－－ 指示代名詞
(參閱 p.291) 之後緊接名詞或 one/ones 時，即成為指示形容詞。𣿅
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(1)
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I don't like this TV program. Would you mind changing the
channel?
(我不喜歡這個電視節目，請你換個頻道好嗎?)𣿅 |
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(2) |
A: |
Look! Those people who are coming in the door are carrying wet
umbrellas.
(瞧!那些要進門來的人都拿著濕濕的雨傘。) |
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B: |
It is raining.(正在下著雨。)𣿅 |
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(3) |
A: |
Which do you like better, this one or that one?
(你比較喜歡哪一個，這個還是那個?)𣿅 |
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B: |
I prefer that yellow one.(我比較喜歡那個黃色的。) |
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8. |
疑問形容詞 (Interrogative
Adjective): |
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疑問代名詞 whose, which, what
之後接名詞或代名詞時即成為疑問形容詞。 如：𣿅 |
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(1) |
A: |
Whose key is this?(這是誰的鑰匙?)𣿅 |
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B: |
It's Sunny's.(桑妮的。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
A: |
Which one should I
take, this one or that one?
(我該選哪一個，這個還是那個?)𣿅 |
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B: |
That one.(那個。)𣿅 |
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(3) |
A: |
Which foreign languages
have you studied?
(你學過哪幾種外語?)𣿅 |
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B: |
English and French.(英語和法語。) |
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(4) |
A: |
Why didn't you come to the meeting yesterday afternoon?
(昨天下午你為什麼不來開會?)𣿅 |
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B: |
What meeting? I didn'ｔ
know there was a meeting. |
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(什麼會? 我不知道有會議。)𣿅 |
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A: |
Didn't Mary tell you about it?(瑪麗沒有告訴你嗎?)𣿅 |
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B: |
No. No one said a word to me about it.
(沒有。沒人向我提起過。) |
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9. |
關係形容詞 (Relative
Adjective): |
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關係代名詞 whose, which, what, ~ever 之後接名詞時即成為關係形容詞。
如：𣿅 |
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(1) |
I know an American boy whose name is John.
(我認識一個名叫約翰的美國男孩。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
He spoke to me in German, which language I did not understand.
(=He
spoke to me in German, but I did not understand this language.)
(他用德文跟我說，但我不懂這種語言。) |
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(3) |
I gave him what money (= all the money that) I had.
(我把我所有的錢都給了他。)𣿅 |
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10. |
數量形容詞 (Quantitative
Adjective):𣿅 |
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1. |
不定數量形容詞（Indefinite
Quantitative Adjective): |
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不定代名詞 (詳閱 p.301) 之後接名詞時即成為不定數量形容詞。
如： |
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(1) |
All men
love praise, but not every man deserves praise.
(所有人都喜歡受到讚美，但不是每個人都值得讚美。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
Is there any good way of learning English?
(有沒有什麼學習英語的良方?) |
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(3) |
I made plenty of friends there, but I didn't know many girls.
(我在那兒交了好多朋友，但我認識的女孩不多。)𣿅 |
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(4) |
Several flowers are in
blossom already.
(有幾朵花已經開了。 )蕌 |
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several = more than 2, but not many. |
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2. |
基數詞 (Cardinal
Numerals)
－－
參閱 p.415： |
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one, two,..., million 等表示數目的字稱為基數詞。 |
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(1) |
The car holds only three (or 3) people.
(這輛轎車只能載三個人。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
A millionaire is one who has at least one million dollars (or
＄1,000,000).
(百萬富翁是至少擁有一百萬元的人。) |
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3. |
序數詞 (Ordinal
Numerals) －－
參閱 p.416： |
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first, second, third 等表示順序的數位稱為序數詞。𣿅 |
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A. |
明確地指明了先後的順序時，要有定冠詞 the。 如： |
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(1) |
Monday, the day following Sunday, is the second day of the
week.
(星期一，星期日後面的那一天，是一星期中的第二天。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
This is the second time I've been here.
(這是我到這裏來的第二次。) |
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(3) |
He's the second child; he has an elder sister.
(他是第二個孩子，他有一個姐姐。)𣿅 |
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(4) |
Kaohsiung is the second city (= the second largest city) in
Taiwan.
(高雄是臺灣第二大城市。)𣿅 |
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B. |
若非真正表示順序，則和一般形容詞一樣，需不需要冠詞視其所修飾的名詞而定。
如： |
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(1) |
He devotes all his time to thinking up and making new things, and
wants to be a second Edison.
(他把全部時間投入思考和創造發明，他想成為第二個愛迪生。) |
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a second Edison = an inventor like Edison (像愛迪生一樣的發明家)𣿅 |
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(2) |
On second thoughts, I think I should accept his offer.
(再三考慮後，我想我該接受他的提議。)蕌 |
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on second thoughts = after mature consideration (經慎重或再三考慮)𣿅 |
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(3) |
Habit is second nature.(習慣是第二天性。)𣿅 |
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(4) |
It is second quality.(它是次級品。)𣿅 |
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(註) |
(a) |
序數詞之後的名詞省略時即成了代名詞。 如：𣿅 |
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There're three persons in the room. One is deaf, another is blind, a
third (or another) is lame.
(房間裏有三個人，一個是聾子，一個是瞎子，一個是跛子。 ) |
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(b) |
序數詞還可作副詞用，無冠詞。如： |
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(1) |
He first went to Keelung, and then to Taipei.
(他先去基隆，再去臺北。) |
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(2) |
The Chinese swimmer came first.
(那位中國的游泳選手得第一。) |
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(3) |
"I'd die first," Mary said when I asked her not to
tell my secret to anyone.
(當我要求瑪麗不要把我的秘密告訴任何人時，她說：我會先死。－－
我死也不會。) |
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(c) |
有關序數 first 的慣用語： |
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(1) |
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at first (起初) |
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from the first (從開始起)𣿅 |
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I found English difficult at first, but I liked it from the
first.
(我起初覺得英文很難，但是我從開始就喜歡它。) |
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(2) |
at first sight (or glance) (乍看起來，一見之下)𣿅 |
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It looked like an island at first sight.
(乍看起來，它像是一個島。) |
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John met Mary at a party, and he fell in love with her at first
glance.
(約翰在一次舞會上遇見了瑪麗，他對她一見鍾情。)𣿅 |
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(3) |
for the first time (第一次) |
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He was only ten years of age when he went to America for the first
time.
(他第一次到美國時才十歲。)𣿅 |
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4. |
倍數詞 (Multiplicative
Numerals): |
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倍數詞是表示倍數的字。常用的有 half
和 double, treble/triple (三倍) 亦偶爾用之。 如： |
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(1) |
More than half (of) my friends live in Taipei.
(我的朋友中超過半數住在臺北。)𣿅 |
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(2) |
He bought a second-hand bicycle at half the price.
(他以一半的價錢買了一輛別人用過的腳踏車。)𣿅 |
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(3) |
His partner is ill and he has to do double work.
(他的同夥病了，他必須做加倍的工作。)𣿅 |
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(4) |
That's a double room with a double bed.
(那是個有一張雙人床的雙人房間。)𣿅 |
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(5) |
His salary is treble (or triple) mine.
(他的薪水是我的三倍。)𣿅 |
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(註) |
treble/triple也可用作動詞。 如： |
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Its value has trebled.(不及動物詞)𣿅 |
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or: |
It has trebled its value.(及物動詞)
(它的價值已增為三倍。) |