續 上 期 |
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4. |
代替未來式——在以下各種場合通常都是用現在式表示未來: |
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A. |
敘述現在已經安排好的未來行事曆、行程等,尤其提及旅行事宜。——
旅行社用的特別多。句中都該有表示未來的時間。如: |
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(1) |
The museum opens at ten tomorrow
morning.
(這博物館明天早晨十點開放。) |
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(2) |
Professor Wang retires next year.
(王教授明年退休。) |
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(3) |
What time does the next train
leave for Kaohsiung?
(往高雄的下一班火車是幾點?) |
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(4) |
When does your father get
back from his journey round the island?
(你父親環島旅行〔預定〕什麼時候回來?) |
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(5) |
I'll take the ship that sails for
Hongkong at nine o'clock on Sunday morning.
(我要乘〔定於〕星期日上午九點鐘開往香港的船。) |
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(6) |
He meets me at the station at 2
o'clock tomorrow afternoon and we come here together.
(〔我們約好〕他明天下午兩點鐘在火車站和我相會,然後我們再一同到這兒來。) |
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(7) |
The summer vacation starts on June
20.
(暑假〔定於〕六月二十日開始。) |
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(8) |
The house is finished next year, and
then they live there.
(那房子〔預定〕明年完工,到時候他們將住在那兒。) |
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(9) |
Sunny's plane arrives at 4:30 p.m.
next Tuesday.
(桑妮的飛機下星期二下午四點半到達。) |
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(10) |
We leave Taipei at 10 a.m. next Saturday
and arrive in Taichung at 1 p.m. We spend two hours in Taichung
and leave for the Sun Moon Lake at 3:30. We arrive at 6:30,
spend four hours there and then return Taichung for the
night.
(我們預定下星期六的上午十點鐘離開臺北,下午一點鐘到達台中,在台中玩兩個小時於三點半前往日月潭,六點半到達,在那兒遊玩四個小時,然後回到台中過夜。) |
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B. |
表示時間的副詞子句裡——引領此類子句的連接詞有when, before,
after, till/until, once, as soon as, as long as/so long as, while, by
the time等 (參閱第四冊第八篇從屬連接詞)。如: |
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(1) |
When the entrance examination is
over, I want to make a trip somewhere. But I have not yet decided where
to go.
(入學考試結束以後,我要去某個地方旅行,但是我現在還沒有決定到哪裡去。) |
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(2) |
By the time you arrive, he may have
gone away.
(你到的時候,他也許已經走掉了。) |
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(3) |
I will take care of the baby for you while
you are away.
(你離開的時候,我願意替你帶小孩。) |
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(4) |
I'll be home before you are.
(我會在你之前到家。) |
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(5) |
After he goes, we shall eat.
(他走了以後我們就吃飯。) |
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(6) |
You had better stay here till (or until)
the rain stops.
(你最好在這裡等到雨停再走。) |
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(7) |
You will want nothing as (or so) long as I
live.
(只要我活著,你不會缺乏任何東西。——只要我活著,你要什麼有什麼。) |
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(8) |
As soon as I get to America, I will
write to you.
(我一到美國就寫信給你。) |
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(9) |
Once it stops raining, we will
leave.
(雨一停,我們就離開。) |
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(10) |
The next time I go to Taipei, I'm
going to visit the National Palace Museum.
(下次去臺北時,我要去參觀故宮博物院。) |
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(11) |
Sunny will come soon. When Sunny comes,
We will see her.
(桑妮很快會來。桑妮來的時候,我們就會見到她。) |
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(12) |
I will get home at 6:30. After I get
home, I will eat dinner.
(我會在六點半到家。回家後,我就要吃飯。) |
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(13) |
They are going to come soon. I will wait
here until they come.
(他們很快就來了。我會在這兒等到他們來。) |
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(14) |
The taxi will arrive in less than five
minutes. As soon as the taxi arrives, we will be able to leave
for the airport.
(計程車〔計程車〕會在五分鐘內到達。計程車一到,我們就能前往機場了。) |
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(15) |
比較: |
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a. |
When I graduate, I will (or am going
to) return home.
(我畢業時會回到家鄉。) |
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b. |
When students graduate, they receive
their diplomas.
(學生們畢業時獲得文憑。) |
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本例中的 graduate
是現在式表示任何時候。全句是表示習慣。 |