4. |
現在進行式的用法:: |
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1. |
敘述現在正在進行中的動作 |
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2. |
敘述暫時性或短期的習慣或重複的動作 |
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3. |
敘述正在從事一項長期性的工作 |
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4. |
敘述和另一動作結合而成的習慣 |
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5. |
和 always、constantly、continually、perpetually、forever
(or for ever) 等表示
"總是"、、、 |
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6.
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用在疑問句裡以表示
"譴責"、"同情"、"不滿"、"好奇"
等情緒。如:
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7.
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已經和他人約定或安排於最近的將來要如何如何、、、
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8. |
表示 "逐漸"
等含義 —— get / grow / become / turn
/ run / go (變成),begin
(開始)、、、 |
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9. |
與現在簡單式同義 ——
談及心理上或身體上的感覺。 |
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10. |
"be" 動詞的現在進行式——
be動詞通常是不能用進行式的、、、 |
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•
•
• |
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續
上 期 |
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11.
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"go 的現在進行式+不定詞"
的作用: |
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A. |
表示在說此話之前主詞自己已經決定的計劃,有時帶有為此行動已做了某種準備工作的含義。——不能用於說話時的臨時決定(參閱
p.746)。句中若無未來的時間即是指最近的未來。如: |
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(1) |
I am going to see my
friend off this afternoon.
(我今天下午要為我的朋友送行。) |
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(2) |
How long are you going
to stay there?
(你要在那兒待多久?) |
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(3) |
He's going to lend
me his car.
(他要把車借給我。) |
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(4) |
I'm just going to advise
her to go out to meet you.
(=I am about to advise her to go out to meet you.)
(我正要勸她出去接你。) |
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be just
going to ∼ = be about to ∼(見
p.106 "提示") |
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(5) |
I'm going to be working
all day tomorrow, so I won't have time to go to Taichung with you.
(明天一整天我都要工作,所以我沒有時間陪你去台中。) |
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(6) |
Don't call me at nine
because I won't be home. I am going to be studying at the library.
(因為我不會在家,別在九點鐘給我打電話。那時我正在圖書館裡看書。) |
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be going之後可以接進行式不定詞
(to be+~ing)以表示該動作是正在進行之中或在某一段時間內都是正在進行之中,如以上兩例是。 |
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(7) |
He's going to be a
dentist when he grows up.
(他長大時要當牙醫。) |
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通常,和表示時間的副詞子句用在一起的主要子句裡都是用will/shall表示未來,但是也可用
"be going to" 以強調主詞的意向,如本例是。 |
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B. |
表示說話者根據現在的現象或徵兆
"預測" 不久即將發生的事情——由於都是表示
"不久"的未來,所以通常都不帶有時間副詞,又由於屬於預測,所以可以帶有believe,
think, guess, feel, be sure, be afraid等表示預測的詞語。如: |
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(1) |
It's going to rain (soon).
Look at those black clouds!
(快要下雨了。瞧那些烏雲!) |
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(2) |
Listen to the wind. We're
going to have a rough crossing.
(聽那風聲。我們渡河會很危險。) |
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(3) |
She's going to have
a baby.
(她快生孩子了。) |
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(4) |
How pale that girl is! I'm
sure (or I believe, I think, I guess, I'm afraid) she's going to faint.
(那個女孩臉色好蒼白!我肯定她要暈倒了。) |
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(5) |
The work is going to be
more difficult than we expected.
(那份工作可能會比我們預期的難。) |
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(6) |
I haven't worked very hard
this term. I'm afraid I'm not going to pass the examination.
(這學期我一直沒有努力學習。恐怕我通不過這次考試。) |