14.

 表示現在習慣的各種用語之比較：

1.

現在式 —— 表示習慣性的日常活動 (參閱 p.531-2)。如：

(1)

Sunny washes her hair every other day or so.
(桑妮大約每隔一天洗一次頭髮。)

(2)

Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and wakes me up.
(每天早晨，陽光透過我的臥室窗戶照進來將我喚醒。)

2.

現在進行式 —— 表示不良的、令人惱火的習慣，偶爾也表示出乎意料的習慣性的行動 (參閱 p.544-5)，總是和 always, forever, constantly 等連用。如：

(1)

Funny is always leaving his dirty socks on the floor and I am constantly picking them up for him.
(方尼總是把髒襪子扔在地板上，而我不斷地幫他揀起來。)

(2)

I like fresh air and like to have the window open, but my roommate is forever closing the windows.
(我喜歡新鮮空氣，喜歡讓窗戶開著，但我的室友卻總是關著窗。)

3.

be used to / be accustomed to ＋-ing / 名詞或代名詞 —— 表示 "對…感到習慣"，否定的則是感覺不習慣。如：

(1)

She is used to (or is accustomed to) cold weather.
(= She is used to / is accustomed to living in a cold climate.)
(她習慣於寒冷的天氣。)

(2)

A:

You have to take a bus to school. Are you accustomed to that?
(你得乘巴士上學。你習慣不習慣?)

B:

No, I'm not accustomed to taking a bus to school. I'm accustomed to walking to school.
(不，我不習慣乘巴士上學。我習慣步行上學。)

(3)

I've lived in Taipei for many years now, so I'm quite used to the traffic.
(我在台北已經住了很多年，所以我已習慣了台北的交通狀況。)

(4)

You can say what you like！I'm used to being criticized.
(你喜歡怎麼說你就怎麼說！我習慣了被挑剔。)

(5)

A:

Can you get up at five tomorrow morning?
(明天早晨五點鐘你能起來嗎?)

B:

Don't worry. I'm accustomed to early rising.
(你別擔心，我習慣於早起。)

(6)

People are used to talking about others' faults, while they hide those of their own.
(人們往往喜歡談論別人的缺點，相反地卻隱藏自己的缺點。)

(註)

be 動詞用was/were時即表示 "過去對…感到習慣"。如：

When I was younger, I was used to walking long distance, but now I'm out of practice.
(我比較年輕時，習慣走遠路，可是現在很少走了。)

4.

get / become used to, get / become accustomed to —— 後接 -ing / 名詞或代名詞，表示從不習慣轉變成習慣，常用於過去或未來。如：

(1)

Money moved to Alaska. After a while, she got used to (or got accustomed to) living in a cold climate.
(曼妮搬到阿拉斯加去了。不多久她就習慣了在寒冷的氣候中生活。)

(2)

Don't worry. You will soon get used to it.
(別擔心。你很快就會習慣的。)

(3)

An electric typewriter's easy; you'll be (or get, become) used to it in a few hours.
(電動打字機很容易，再練習幾個小時你就會習慣了。)

(註)

在英式英語中，accustomed to之後除了接 -ing之外，也可接原形動詞。如：
I'm accustomed to sleep (or sleeping) with the window open.
(我習慣開著窗戶睡覺。)

5.

am / are / is in the / a habit of, has / have the / a habit of —— 表示現在已經養成的習慣，亦即現有的習慣。如：

(1)

He is in the habit (or has the habit) of scratching his head when he is puzzled.
(他感到困惑時有抓頭的習慣。)

(2)

She has a habit (or is in a habit) of getting up late.
(她有睡懶覺的習慣。)

6.

make a rule of＋-ing / make it a rule＋to ∼ —— 表示 "慣例"，也就是現有的有規律的習慣。如：

(1)

I make it a rule to do morning exercises every day.
(or I make a rule of doing morning exercises every day.)
(我每天照例做早操 —— 我有每天做早操的習慣。)

(2)

My father makes it a rule to get up at 6 a.m., take a cold bath, and then practice deep breathing.
(我的父親經常早晨六時起床，洗個冷水澡，然後做深呼吸。)

7.

will —— 表示 "現在的無規律的習慣" (參閱 p.748)。如：

(1)

Sometimes she will get angry without any cause.
(有時候她會無緣無故就生起氣來了。)

(2)

At times he will work for six or seven hours without stopping.
(有時候他不停地工作六七個小時。)

(3)

He will often sit up all night.
(他時常通宵不眠。)

(4)

I shut the door several times, but it won't stay closed.
(我好幾次關這扇門，可是總是關不好。)